International Students’ Communication Adaptation to Academic Environment in the United Kingdom

Isi Artikel Utama

Sarah Aisha
Deddy Mulyana

Abstrak

As part of globalization with the greater ease of communication and transportation technology, the number of international students studying overseas, especially non-Westerners who study in Western countries such as the United States, Germany, the United Kingdom, and Australia, has increased over the years. This research explores the challenges international students faced in the Master's Programs in their adaptation to the new academic environment in the United Kingdom. The researchers used phenomenology as a theoretical perspective by taking into account the U-curve model of intercultural adaptation. This study employed a qualitative method by interviewing six female international students. Based on the research findings, the international students found challenges in adapting to the new academic environment in the United Kingdom. The challenges incorporated a lack of language skills to master study skills, besides difficulties in building relationships and making friends.

Rincian Artikel

Bagian
Articles

Referensi

Aisha, S. & Mulyana, D. (2019) Indonesian postgraduate students’ intercultural communication experiences in the United Kingdom. Jurnal Kajian Komunikasi. [Online] 7 (1), 1. Available from: doi:10.24198/jkk.v7i1.20901.

Berry, J.W. (1997) Immigration, Acculturation, and Adaptation. Applied Psychology. [Online] 46 (1), 5–34. Available from: doi:10.1111/j.1464-0597.1997.tb01087.x.

Braun, V. & Clarke, V. (2013) Successful Qualitative Research: A Practical Guide for Beginners. SAGE.

Braun, V. & Clarke, V. (2006) Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology. [Online] 3 (2), 77–101. Available from: doi:10.1191/1478088706qp063oa.

Breakwell, G.M., Smith, J.A. & Wright, D.B. (2012) Research Methods in Psychology. 4th edition. London, SAGE Publication.

Brooks, R. & Waters, J. (2011) Student Mobilities, Migration and the Internationalization of Higher Education. Springer.

Cemalcilar, Z. & Falbo, T. (2008) A Longitudinal Study of the Adaptation of International Students in the United States. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology. [Online] 39 (6), 799–804. Available from: doi:10.1177/0022022108323787.

Creswell, J.W. (2013) Qualitative Inquiry & Research Design: Choosing among Five Approaches. Third Edit. Thousand Oaks, CA, Sage Publication.

Flick, U. (2014) An Introduction to Qualitative Research. London, SAGE Publication.

Fritz, M.V., Chin, D. & DeMarinis, V. (2008) Stressors, anxiety, acculturation and adjustment among international and North American students. International Journal of Intercultural Relations. [Online] 32 (3), 244–259. Available from: doi:10.1016/j.ijintrel.2008.01.001.

Furnham, A., Bochner, S. & Lonner, W.J. (1986) Culture Shock: Psychological Reactions to Unfamiliar Environments. New York, Methuen.

Galletta, A. & Cross, W.E. (2013) Mastering the Semi-Structured Interview and Beyond. [Online]. NYU Press. Available from: doi:10.18574/nyu/9780814732939.001.0001.

Gibson, W. & Brown, A. (2009) Working with Qualitative Data. [Online]. 1 Oliver’s Yard, 55 City Road, London England EC1Y 1SP United Kingdom, SAGE Publications, Ltd. Available from: doi:10.4135/9780857029041.

Goodenough, A. & Waite, S. (2012) Real world research: a resource for users of social research methods in applied settings (3rd ed.). Journal of Education for Teaching. [Online] 38 (4), 513–515. Available from: doi:10.1080/02607476.2012.708121.

Gu, Q. (2009) Maturity and Interculturality: Chinese students’ experiences in UK higher education. European Journal of Education. 44 (1), 37–52.

Holliday, A. (2007) Doing and Writing Qualitative Research. [Online]. 1 Oliver’s Yard, 55 City Road, London EC1Y 1SP United Kingdom, SAGE Publications Ltd. Available from: doi:10.4135/9781446287958.

Li, A. & Gasser, M.B. (2005) Predicting Asian international students’ sociocultural adjustment: A test of two mediation models. International Journal of Intercultural Relations. [Online] 29 (5), 561–576. Available from: doi:10.1016/j.ijintrel.2005.06.003.

Lysgaand, S. (1955) Adjustment in a Foreign Society: Norwegian Fulbright Grantees Visiting the United States. International Social Science Bulletin. (7), 45–51.

Martin, J. N. dan Nakayama, T.K. (2004) Intercultural Communication in Contexts. Third. Boston, Mc Graw-Hill.

Miles, M.B. & Huberman, A.M. (1994) Qualitative Data Analysis: An Expanded Sourcebook. sage.

Moustakas, C. (1994) Phenomenological research methods. [Online]. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks California 91320 United States of America, SAGE Publications, Inc. Available from: doi:10.4135/9781412995658.

Mukminin, A. & McMahon, B.J. (2013) International Graduate Students’ Cross-Cultural Academic Engagement: Stories of Indonesian Doctoral Students on an American Campus. The Qualitative Report. 18 (35), 1–9.

Mulyana, D. & Murtiningsih, B.S.E. (2017) Indonesian Students’ Cross-Cultural Adaptation in Busan, Korea. Jurnal Aspikom. [Online] 3 (2), 144–156. Available from: https://jurnalaspikom.org/index.php/aspikom/article/view/135.

Novera, I.A. (2004) Indonesian Postgraduate Students Studying in Australia: An Examination of Their Academic, Social and Cultural Experiences. International Education Journal. [Online] 5 (4), 475–487. Available from: https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ903872.

Oberg, K. (1960) Cultural Shock: Adjustment to New Cultural Environments. Practical Anthropology. [Online] os-7 (4), 177–182. Available from: doi:10.1177/009182966000700405.

Ryan, J. (2005) The Student Experience: Challenges and Rewards. In: Jude Carroll & Janette Ryan (eds.). Teaching International Students: Improving Learning for All. 1st edition. [Online]. London, Routledge. pp. 147–151. Available from: doi:10.4324/9780203696132.

Schutz, A. (1972) Collected Papers I. The Problem of Social Reality. Phaenomenologica. Maurice Natanson (ed.). [Online]. Dordrecht, Springer Netherlands. Available from: doi:10.1007/978-94-010-2851-6.

Schutz, A. (1976) Collected Papers II. Phaenomenologica. Arvid Brodersen (ed.). [Online]. Dordrecht, Springer Netherlands. Available from: doi:10.1007/978-94-010-1340-6.

The Higher Education Academy (2014a) Academic Writing. [Online]. Available from: https://www.heacademy.ac.uk/sites/default/files/resources/academic_writing.pdf.

The Higher Education Academy (2014b) Critical Thinking. [Online]. Available from: https://www.heacademy.ac.uk/sites/default/files/resources/critical_thinking.pdf.

The Higher Education Academy (2014c) Independent Learning. [Online]. Available from: https://www.heacademy.ac.uk/sites/default/files/resources/independent_learning.pdf.

The Higher Education Academy (2014d) Language. [Online]. Available from: https://www.heacademy.ac.uk/sites/default/files/resources/language.pdf.

Ward, C., Okura, Y., Kennedy, A. & Kojima, T. (1998) The U-Curve on trial: a longitudinal study of psychological and sociocultural adjustment during Cross-Cultural transition. International Journal of Intercultural Relations. [Online] 22 (3), 277–291. Available from: doi:10.1016/S0147-1767(98)00008-X.

Winkelman, M. (1994) Cultural shock and adaptation. Journal of Counseling & Development. 73 (2), 121–126.